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Grundregeln der Rechtschreibung Teil 1 - Groß- und Kleinschreibung
Das Wichtigste aus dem Video
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- Hello and a warm welcome to Schoolmates . My name is Miriam. Schoolmate learning videos help you understand all
- school topics much more easily and clearly. But please always remember to use the pause button if something went
- too fast for you. Because only when every detail is clear to you can you easily understand the rest. In the
- first part of the video series on basic spelling rules, we will deal with capitalization and lowercase letters.
- But why do we write some words with a capital letter and some with a lowercase letter at all? Capitalization
- and lowercase letters help you to understand texts better. The rules for this are strictly defined. An important
- rule is that sentence beginnings, names , and nouns are always capitalized. Now you are surely asking yourselves how to
- recognize a noun. Nouns designate names , e.g., Laura, living beings like the turtle, things, e.g., the table, or
- concepts, e.g., the surprise, and they are often accompanied by definite or indefinite articles. If the topic of
- articles is still unclear to you or you have questions about it, you are welcome to watch the video on nouns and
- articles that we have prepared for you. To recognize nouns, you can use various test methods. We will take a look at
- these together now. As already mentioned, an article is a signal that it is a noun. You can ask yourself the
- following question for this. If there is an article relating to the word in front of it, then it is a noun and is
- capitalized. E.g., the hare, the property, or the wind. But watch out, there are also hidden articles. Many
- are used in an abbreviated form. For example, the word "im" contains "in dem ," meaning the article "dem.""Ins"
- stands for "in das.""Am" written out is "an dem.""Zum" is actually "zu dem," and in "fürs,""für das" is hidden.
- Here is another example of this. I am going into the house. The article "das" is hidden in the word "ins." Therefore,
- "house" is a noun and is capitalized. The second test method is the adjective test. An adjective is a describing word
- that characterizes something with a specific property. Adjectives are, for example, the words big, old, thick,
- hardworking, friendly, and so on. So you can ask yourself, can you put an adjective in front of the word? In the
- sentence "we paint a picture," the adjective "beautiful" can be inserted, for example. This then creates the
- sentence, "we paint a beautiful picture .""Picture" is then the noun, as an adjective can stand in front of it.
- Therefore, "picture" is then capitalized. Another signal for recognizing nouns is the suffix.
- Examples of noun suffixes are-ung, - heit, -keit, -nis, -schaft, -tum, and so on. So, you are at the end of a word
- . Matching nouns could then be community, recovery, wealth, kingship, and reality. Suffixes can therefore
- also help you to recognize nouns. The last test you can perform to identify a noun is to pay attention to its meaning
- . For this, you can ask yourself: Is the word a living being or an object? For example, a rabbit, a fox, a
- cupboard, or a table? Because, as stated at the beginning, living beings or things are always nouns and are
- therefore capitalized. Here you can see an overview of the various test methods with which you can identify a noun.
- Once you have identified it, you must always capitalize it. Besides nouns, there is also so-called nominalization.
- In nominalization, verbs—action words —and adjectives—descriptive words —are used as nouns. Nominalized words
- are then also capitalized. There are also various indicators that allow you to easily recognize nominalization.
- Just like with nouns, you can ask yourself if there is an article before the word. For example, Anna's laughter
- sounds nice. "The laughter" is a nominalized verb, because "laughing" is actually a verb, since you can ask
- about it with "What is it doing?" The article "the" now stands before the actual verb. It was therefore used as a
- noun here. Another indicator for nominalization is when an indefinite quantifier precedes the word, such as
- everything, much, nothing, barely, or something, then you capitalize it and it is nominalized. Here is an example
- of that. A lot of exciting things have happened lately. This is a nominalized adjective. In other words, a
- descriptive word. The adjective is exciting. You ask about it with, how is it? Exciting. Since the quantifier "a
- lot" stands before the adjective, it has been nominalized and is capitalized . So you should remember: Nouns or
- nominalizations are always capitalized. Sentence beginnings and names are also capitalized. Everything else you write
- in lowercase, for example: verbs ( action words), adjectives (descriptive words), pronouns, articles (companion
- words), adverbs (words that describe how, when, and why something happens), prepositions (relational words),
- conjunctions (connecting words like but , however, for, etc.), and numbers. To check your knowledge of capitalization
- once more, we have a small practice exercise for you that you are welcome to work on. Try writing the following
- sentences with correct capitalization. Don't forget that the beginnings of sentences are capitalized. Pause the
- video now for a moment to think about the task. Surely this task was no problem at all for you anymore. Here we
- have the solutions to the various sentences now. You can go ahead and compare these with your sentences. That
- was all you need to know about capitalization for a good grade. You can find many more Schoolmate learning
- videos on all search engines. Successful instant tutoring via video call is available at www.schoolmate.de.
- schol.de. Best regards from Romania.