Präpositionen beschreiben das Verhältnis zwischen Gegenständen, Wörtern und Satzgliedern. Sie werden daher auch als Verhältniswörter bezeichnet.
Präpositionen lassen sich in 5 Hauptgruppen unterteilen:
- Raum: on, in front of
- Zeit: during, before,
- Art und Weise: with, by means of
- Grund: due to, because of
- Zweck, Absicht: in order to
At, in, on in räumlicher und zeitlicher Bedeutung
Above, over, across, via - über
Under, below - unter
Between, among - zwischen
To, towards - zu
To, as far as - bis
After, behind, beyond, past - hinter
In front of, before - vor
Ago, before - vor
Since, for - seit
By, with - mit
At, in, on in räumlicher und zeitlicher Bedeutung
At - an einem Punkt
at the party
at home
at the park
at Schillerstr. 14
at Schulminator
At - zu einem ganz bestimmten Zeitpunkt
at 5 o'clock in the morning
at midnight
at the moment
at sunset
at night
at the same time
In - in einem Raum
in the living room
in the garden
in the sky
in Ulm
in a flat
In - in einem Zeitraum
in the evening
in summer
in 1961
in time (= rechtzeitg, aber on time = pünktlich)
On - auf einer Oberfläche
on the way
on the table
on the road
On - an bestimmten Tagen
on Friday (am Freitag)
on Fridays (freitags)
on my birthday (an meinem Geburtstag)
on time (= pünktlich, in time = rechtzeitgi)
Above, over, across, via - über
Above - oberhalb
The helicoptor is above the house.
Over - genau über
The lamp is over the table.
Over - über
John jumped over the chair.
Across - quer über
There is a restaurant across the street.
Via - über
He drove to Stuttgar via Ulm.
Under, below - unter
Under - unter
Your purse is under the table.
Below - unterhalb
Your cat is below the tree.
Between, among - zwischen
Between - zwischen zweien
He stands between Julie and Chris.
Among - zwischen vielen
He stands among his class mates.
To, towards - zu
To - zu
He went to school.
Towards - zu, in Richtung auf
She went towards the hospital.
To, as far as - bis
To - bis
He went to the house.
As far as - bis
I went as far as Ulm.
After, behind, beyond, past - hinter
After - hinter
He ran after the dog.
Behind - hinter
The car is behind the house.
Beyond - hinter
The town is beyond the hill.
Past - hinter
The restaurant is 4 miles past the city center.
In front of, before - vor
In front of - vor
The car is front of the house.
Before - vor
Before we eat pizza we need to eat finish our salad.
Ago, before - vor
Ago - vor
I saw John 3 years ago.
Before - vor
5 days before the exam you should start learning.
Since, for - seit
Since - seit (Zeitpunkt)
I have not been smoking since April.
For - seit (Zeitraum)
I have not been smoking for seven months.
By, with - mit
By - mit
I will come by train.
With - mit
I will eat the steak with a knife.
